尽心下 · 第 23 / 38 章 · 孟子 7B.23
《孟子·尽心下》7B.23：不可再做冯妇式的表演性救急
齐国饥荒时，孟子拒绝再次“为发棠”，因为那会像冯妇下车搏虎：群众会高兴，但懂道理的人会看出你退回成了旧表演。
齐饥。陈臻曰：「国人皆以夫子将复为发棠，殆不可复。」孟子曰：「是为冯妇也。晋人有冯妇者，善搏虎，卒为善士；则之野，有众逐虎，虎负嵎，莫之敢撄；望见冯妇，趋而迎之；冯妇攘臂下车，众皆悦之，其为士者笑之。」
英文参考译文
When Qi was suffering from famine, Chen Zhen said to Mencius, 'The people are all thinking that you, Master, will again ask that the granary of Tang be opened for them. I apprehend you will not do so a second time.' Mencius said, 'To do it would be to act like Feng Fu. There was a man of that name in Jin, famous for his skill in seizing tigers. Afterwards he became a scholar of reputation, and going once out to the wild country, he found the people all in pursuit of a tiger. The tiger took refuge in a corner of a hill, where no one dared to attack him, but when they saw Feng Fu, they ran and met him. Feng Fu immediately bared his arms, and descended from the carriage. The multitude were pleased with him, but those who were scholars laughed at him.'
重点修订页
人工补强的解释层
核心问题
为什么孟子不愿在齐饥时再次出面要求开仓？
直接回答
因为同样动作在不同位置上，意义会变。第一次可能是义所当为；若第二次只是顺着众望重复上次角色，就会从有分寸的救急，退回成讨好场面的旧技艺。
第一性原理
一次成功的应急方式，不该自动冻结成永久角色。若只因群众期待而重复，人的位置和判断会被过去的掌声绑住。
为什么重要
这章适合承接“冯妇”“重复表演”“role regression in Mencius”这类搜索，也能补强本站关于角色边界与行动分寸的解释。
延伸阅读
这章在做什么
这章是《尽心下》第 23 / 38 章，最直接的进入线索是“国人皆以夫子将复为发棠，殆不可复”。放回全卷，它讨论的是知言、知命与修养完成，并可与仁政互相印证。
更宽的搜索入口
如果你带着更宽的问题进入这一章，先从正确的 hub 页进入
全卷语境
《尽心下》把知言、知命与修养完成阶段的判断放在一起讨论。
关联主题
引用提示
不要把孟子理解成冷血不救荒。他不是否认救急，而是在拒绝让自己退回成靠旧手段博取喝彩的人。