尽心上 · 第 26 / 46 章 · 孟子 7A.26
《孟子·尽心上》7A.26:执中无权,犹执一也
孟子批评杨、墨,也批评没有权衡能力的‘折中’。若只抱住一个中点而不知因时权变,所谓中道也会沦为另一种偏执。
孟子曰:「杨子取『为我』,拔一毛而利天下,不为也。墨子『兼爱』,摩顶于踵利天下,为之。子莫『执中』,执中为近之。执中无权,犹执一也。所恶执一者,为其贼道也,举一而废百也。」
英文参考译文
Mencius said, 'The principle of the philosopher Yang was "Each one for himself." Though he might have benefited the whole kingdom by plucking out a single hair, he would not have done it. The philosopher Mo loves all equally. If by rubbing smooth his whole body from the crown to the heel, he could have benefited the kingdom, he would have done it. Zi Mo holds a medium between these. By holding that medium, he is nearer the right. But by holding it without leaving room for the exigency of circumstances, it becomes like their holding their one point. The reason why I hate that holding to one point is the injury it does to the way of right principle. It takes up one point and disregards a hundred others.'
重点修订页
人工补强的解释层
核心问题
为什么孟子说“执中无权,犹执一也”?
直接回答
因为真正的中道不是抱住一个静止位置,而是能在具体情境中权衡轻重。若没有这种权衡力,所谓折中只不过是换了名字的单边坚持。
第一性原理
中道不是数轴上的中点,而是面对复杂现实时不被单一原则绑死的判断能力。
为什么重要
这章适合承接“执中无权”“杨朱墨子”“how Mencius criticizes false moderation”这类搜索,也能强化站点对中道与权变的解释。
延伸阅读
这章在做什么
这章是《尽心上》第 26 / 46 章,最直接的进入线索是“杨子取为我,拔一毛而利天下,不为也”。放回全卷,它讨论的是尽心、诚与保存本心,并可与仁政互相印证。
更宽的搜索入口
如果你带着更宽的问题进入这一章,先从正确的 hub 页进入
全卷语境
《尽心上》重点是尽心、诚与如何保存已经给定的人心能力。
关联主题
引用提示
不要把‘执中’自动理解成成熟。孟子恰恰在提醒:没有权,‘中’也会伤道,因为它把一个点抬高到压倒其他百端。