公孙丑下 · 第 12 / 14 章 · 孟子 2B.12
《孟子·公孙丑下》2B.12:离齐未遽去,是仍盼君改
尹士讥孟子去齐不够干脆,孟子却说自己三宿而后出昼,正因仍盼齐王能改;这不是恋栈,而是把最后的改革可能性看完。
孟子去齐,尹士语人曰:「不识王之不可以为汤、武,则是不明也;识其不可然且至,则是干泽也。千里而见王,不遇故去;三宿而后出昼,是何濡滞也!士则兹不悦。」高子以告。曰:「夫尹士恶知予哉?千里而见王,是予所欲也。不遇故去,岂予所欲哉?予不得已也。予三宿而出昼,于予心犹以为速。王庶几改之!王如改诸,则必反予。夫出昼而王不予追也,予然后浩然有归志。予虽然,岂舍王哉?王由足用为善;王如用予,则岂徒齐民安?天下之民举安。王庶几改之!予日望之!予岂若是小丈夫然哉!谏于其君而不受,则怒,悻悻然见于其面,去则穷日之力而后宿哉?」尹士闻之,曰:「士诚小人也。」
英文参考译文
When Mencius had left Qi, Yin Shi spoke about him to others, saying, 'If he did not know that the king could not be made a Tang or a Wu, that showed his want of intelligence. If he knew that he could not be made such, and came notwithstanding, that shows he was seeking his own benefit. He came a thousand li to wait on the king; because he did not find in him a ruler to suit him, he took his leave, but how dilatory and lingering was his departure, stopping three nights before he quitted Zhou! I am dissatisfied on account of this.' The disciple Gao informed Mencius of these remarks. Mencius said, 'How should Yin Shi know me! When I came a thousand li to wait on the king, it was what I desired to do. When I went away because I did not find in him a ruler to suit me, was that what I desired to do? I felt myself constrained to do it. When I stopped three nights before I quitted Zhou, in my own mind I still considered my departure speedy. I was hoping that the king might change. If the king had changed, he would certainly have recalled me. When I quitted Zhou, and the king had not sent after me, then, and not till then, was my mind resolutely bent on returning to Cao. But, notwithstanding that, how can it be said that I give up the king? The king, after all, is one who may be made to do what is good. If he were to use me, would it be for the happiness of the people of Qi only ? It would be for the happiness of the people of the whole kingdom. I am hoping that the king will change. I am daily hoping for this. Am I like one of your little-minded people? They will remonstrate with their prince, and on their remonstrance not being accepted, they get angry; and, with their passion displayed in their countenance, they take their leave, and travel with all their strength for a whole day, before they will stop for the night.' When Yin Shi heard this explanation, he said, 'I am indeed a small man.'
重点修订页
人工补强的解释层
核心问题
为什么孟子离齐后还停了三宿,不立刻断绝?
直接回答
因为他分得清赌气离开和尽责离开。只要君主还有改正可能,就不该把退场做成情绪表演;等确认对方不追、不改,才真正归志坚定。
第一性原理
原则性退出不是越快越显得纯粹,而是要把是否还有可修复空间看清;真正的边界感,建立在判断完成,而不是情绪先行。
为什么重要
这章适合承接“孟子 离齐”“退出边界”“when to leave power”这类搜索,也补强 PDCA 中 Check 与 Act 的判断逻辑。
延伸阅读
这章在做什么
这章是《公孙丑下》第 12 / 14 章,最直接的进入线索是“不识王之不可以为汤、武,则是不明也”。放回全卷,它讨论的是浩然之气、人格判断与公共责任,并可与仁政、浩然之气互相印证。
更宽的搜索入口
如果你带着更宽的问题进入这一章,先从正确的 hub 页进入
全卷语境
《公孙丑下》围绕浩然之气、人格定力和士人的公共责任展开。
引用提示
不要把三宿理解成拖泥带水。孟子要说明的是:在退出之前,自己已经把最后一丝改善可能性看完了。