尽心下 · 第 31 / 38 章 · 孟子 7B.31
《孟子·尽心下》7B.31：人皆有所不忍，达之于其所忍
孟子指出，仁义不是凭空制造出来的高难要求，而是把每个人本来就有的不忍、不为之心，继续推广到更大范围。
孟子曰：「人皆有所不忍，达之于其所忍，仁也；人皆有所不为，达之于其所为，义也。人能充『无欲害人』之心，而仁不可胜用也。人能充『无穿窬』之心，而义不可胜用也。人能充无受尔汝之实，无所往而不为义也。士未可以言而言，是以言餂之也；可以言而不言，是以不言餂之也。是皆穿逾之类也。」
英文参考译文
Mencius said, 'All men have some things which they cannot bear; extend that feeling to what they can bear, and benevolence will be the result. All men have some things which they will not do; extend that feeling to the things which they do, and righteousness will be the result. If a man can give full development to the feeling which makes him shrink from injuring others, his benevolence will be more than can be called into practice. If he can give full development to the feeling which refuses to break through, or jump over, a wall, his righteousness will be more than can be called into practice. If he can give full development to the real feeling of dislike with which he receives the salutation, "Thou," "Thou," he will act righteously in all places and circumstances. When a scholar speaks what he ought not to speak, by guile of speech seeking to gain some end; and when he does not speak what he ought to speak, by guile of silence seeking to gain some end; both these cases are of a piece with breaking through a neighbour's wall.'
重点修订页
人工补强的解释层
核心问题
为什么孟子说，仁义可以从‘人皆有所不忍、有所不为’扩充出来？
直接回答
因为他认为道德不是外部安装，而是内部扩充。每个人都已有一些不能忍、不能做的底线，关键在于能否把这种底线从局部推到更广处境。
第一性原理
真正的德性成长，不是从零开始造出一个新人，而是把已在心中的边界和敏感，稳定地扩展出去。
为什么重要
这章很适合承接“不忍”“有所不为”“extend what one cannot bear”这类搜索，也能进一步补强四端与性善主题。
延伸阅读
这章在做什么
这章是《尽心下》第 31 / 38 章，最直接的进入线索是“人皆有所不忍，达之于其所忍，仁也”。放回全卷，它讨论的是知言、知命与修养完成，并可与四端、仁政、浩然之气互相印证。
更宽的搜索入口
如果你带着更宽的问题进入这一章，先从正确的 hub 页进入
全卷语境
《尽心下》把知言、知命与修养完成阶段的判断放在一起讨论。
引用提示
不要把这章读成道德乐观口号。孟子不是说人自然就会好，而是说每个人已有起点，问题在于是否肯扩充并守住它。