告子下 · 第 05 / 16 章 · 孟子 6B.5

《孟子·告子下》6B.5:享多仪,仪不及物,则不成其享

孟子解释自己为何受币而或见或不见,不在官位高低,而在对方有没有尽到相称的敬意:礼物若先于其心,就还不算真正的“享”。

孟子居邹,季任为任处守,以币交,受之而不报。处于平陆,储子为相,以币交,受之而不报。他日由邹之任,见季子,由平陆之齐,不见储子。屋庐子喜曰:「连得间矣。」问曰:「夫子之任见季子,之齐不见储子,为其为相与?」曰:「非也。《书》曰:『享多仪,仪不及物,曰不享。惟不役志于享。』为其不成享也。」屋庐子悦。或问之,屋庐子曰:「季子不得之邹,储子得之平陆。」

mèng zǐ jū zōu, jì rèn wéi rèn chǔ shǒu, yǐ bì jiāo, shòu zhī ér bú bào。 chǔ wū píng lù, chǔ zǐ wéi xiāng, yǐ bì jiāo, shòu zhī ér bú bào。 tā rì yóu zōu zhī rèn, jiàn jì zǐ, yóu píng lù zhī qí, bú jiàn chǔ zǐ。 wū lú zǐ xǐ yuē:「lián dé jiàn yǐ。」 wèn yuē:「fū zǐ zhī rèn jiàn jì zǐ, zhī qí bú jiàn chǔ zǐ, wéi qí wéi xiāng yǔ?」 yuē:「fēi yě。《shū》 yuē:『xiǎng duō yí, yí bù jí wù, yuē bù xiǎng。 wéi bú yì zhì yú xiǎng。』 wéi qí bù chéng xiǎng yě。」 wū lú zǐ yuè。 huò wèn zhī, wū lú zǐ yuē:「jì zǐ bù dé zhī zōu, chǔ zǐ dé zhī píng lù。」

英文参考译文

When Mencius was residing in Zou, the younger brother of the chief of Ren, who was guardian of Ren at the time, paid his respects to him by a present of silks, which Mencius received, not going to acknowledge it. When he was sojourning in Ping Lu, Chu, who was prime minister of the State, sent him a similar present, which he received in the same way. Subsequently, going from Zou to Ren, he visited the guardian; but when he went from Ping Lu to the capital of Qi, he did not visit the minister Chu. The disciple Wu Lu was glad, and said, 'I have got an opportunity to obtain some instruction.' He asked accordingly, 'Master, when you went to Ren, you visited the chief's brother; and when you went to Qi, you did not visit Chu. Was it not because he is only the minister?' Mencius replied, 'No. It is said in the Book of History, "In presenting an offering to a superior, most depends on the demonstrations of respect. If those demonstrations are not equal to the things offeredred, we say there is no offering, that is, there is no act of the will presenting the offering." This is because the things so offered do not constitute an offering to a superior.' Wu Lu was pleased, and when some one asked him what Mencius meant, he said, 'The younger of Ren could not go to Zou, but the minister Chu might have gone to Ping Lu.'

重点修订页

人工补强的解释层

核心问题

为什么孟子同样受币,却见季任而不见储子?

直接回答

因为判断关键不在对方官位,而在这份馈赠是否真带着相称的敬意。若本可亲自来见却只送礼,礼物就大过了其心,便不成其为正式的享。

第一性原理

礼的有效性,不是看东西多寡,而是看它有没有真实承载相应的心志;形式若走在心前面,形式本身就空了。

为什么重要

这章适合承接“享多仪”“礼物与敬意”“gift and intention in Mencius”这类搜索,也能补强本站关于礼与分位的解释。

这章在做什么

这章是《告子下》第 5 / 16 章,最直接的进入线索是“连得间矣”。放回全卷,它讨论的是养心、判断与人格形成,并可与仁政互相印证。

更宽的搜索入口

如果你带着更宽的问题进入这一章,先从正确的 hub 页进入

仁政:政治的第一目标是安顿民生

如果你的问题其实是一个更宽的主题词,先回主题页,再把这一章当作原文证据来定位。

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孟子是谁?

如果你先要确认人物、别名、时代位置和为什么重要,先回孟子简介页。

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孟子名言与出处

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《孟子》全文与作品结构入口

如果你要的是十四卷结构、全文导航和稳定引用路径,先回全文目录。

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全卷语境

《告子下》把养心、判断和人格形成连成一条修身路线。

关联主题

引用提示

不要把它读成孟子爱摆架子。重点不是收不收礼,而是礼物若代替了该有的亲自致敬,关系就会被形式偷空。

章句资料

卷次
告子下
定位
孟子 6B.5
顺序
第 05 / 16 章
对齐置信度
99%