滕文公下 · 第 06 / 10 章 · 孟子 3B.6

《孟子·滕文公下》3B.6:一齐人傅之,众楚人咻之

孟子用学齐语的比喻说明,想让一个人变好,不能只派一个好老师,却把他长期放在完全相反的环境里。环境结构会吞掉单点努力。

孟子谓戴不胜曰:「子欲子之王之善与?我明告子:有楚大夫于此,欲其子之齐语也,则使齐人傅诸?使楚人傅诸?」曰:「使齐人傅之。」曰:「一齐人傅之,众楚人咻之,虽日挞而求其齐也,不可得矣。引而置之庄岳之间数年,虽日挞而求其楚,亦不可得矣。子谓薛居州,善士也,使之居于王所。在于王所者,长幼卑尊皆薛居州也,王谁与为不善?在王所者,长幼卑尊皆非薛居州也,王谁与为善?一薛居州,独如宋王何?」

mèng zǐ wèi dài bú shèng yuē:「zǐ yù zǐ zhī wáng zhī shàn yǔ? wǒ míng gào zǐ: yǒu chǔ dài fu wū cǐ, yù qí zǐ zhī qí yǔ yě, zé shǐ qí rén fù zhū? shǐ chǔ rén fù zhū?」 yuē:「shǐ qí rén fù zhī。」 yuē:「yì qí rén fù zhī, zhòng chǔ rén xiū zhī, suī rì tà ér qiú qí qí yě, bù kě dé yǐ。 yǐn ér zhì zhī zhuāng yuè zhī jiàn shù nián, suī rì tà ér qiú qí chǔ, yì bù kě dé yǐ。 zǐ wèi xuē jū zhōu, shàn shì yě, shǐ zhī jū wū wáng suǒ。 zài wū wáng suǒ zhě, cháng yòu bēi zūn jiē xuē jū zhōu yě, wáng shuí yǔ wéi bú shàn? zài wáng suǒ zhě, cháng yòu bēi zūn jiē fēi xuē jū zhōu yě, wáng shuí yǔ wéi shàn? yì xuē jū zhōu, dú rú sòng wáng hé?」

英文参考译文

Mencius said to Dai Bu Sheng, 'I see that you are desiring your king to be virtuous, and will plainly tell you how he may be made so. Suppose that there is a great officer of Chu here, who wishes his son to learn the speech of Qi. Will he in that case employ a man of Qi as his tutor, or a man of Chu?' 'He will employ a man of Qi to teach him,' said Bu Sheng. Mencius went on, 'If but one man of Qi be teaching him, and there be a multitude of men of Chu continually shouting out about him, although his father beat him every day, wishing him to learn the speech of Qi, it will be impossible for him to do so. But in the same way, if he were to be taken and placed for several years in Zhuang or Yue, though his father should beat him, wishing him to speak the language of Chu, it would be impossible for him to do so. You supposed that Xue Ju Zhou was a scholar of virtue, and you have got him placed in attendance on the king. Suppose that all in attendance on the king, old and young, high and low, were Xue Ju Zhous, whom would the king have to do evil with? And suppose that all in attendance on the king, old and young, high and low, are not Xue Ju Zhous, whom will the king gave to do good with? What can one Xue Ju Zhou do alone for the king of Song?'

重点修订页

人工补强的解释层

核心问题

为什么孟子说“一齐人傅之,众楚人咻之,虽日挞而求其齐,不可得矣”?

直接回答

因为他要说明,人的形成不只是听过什么道理,还取决于长期被什么氛围包围。若周围系统性地把你往反方向拉,一个老师的努力很容易被整片环境抵消。

第一性原理

要改变人,不能只补一个正确输入点,还要处理持续塑形他的环境回路。

为什么重要

这章适合承接“环境塑造人”“一齐人傅之众楚人咻之”“Mencius on moral environment”这类搜索,是治理、教育与组织文化的高价值页面。

这章在做什么

这章是《滕文公下》第 6 / 10 章,最直接的进入线索是“子欲子之王之善与”。放回全卷,它讨论的是分工、教化与社会秩序,并可与性善、仁政互相印证。

更宽的搜索入口

如果你带着更宽的问题进入这一章,先从正确的 hub 页进入

性善:把人看作可以成德的起点

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孟子是谁?

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孟子名言与出处

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《孟子》全文与作品结构入口

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全卷语境

《滕文公下》集中处理分工、教化和社会角色的正当边界。

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引用提示

不要把这章只读成语言学习寓言。孟子真正讨论的是政治与教育:你若真想让君王或团队变好,就不能让坏环境保持原封不动。

章句资料

卷次
滕文公下
定位
孟子 3B.6
顺序
第 06 / 10 章
对齐置信度
99%